ICPD is acronym for the International Conference on Population and Development, held in 1994 inthe city of Cairo, that’s why it’s also known as Cairo/94 or ICPD/94. It has brought up to the debate about demography and health a new vision which condemns the birth control policies, assumes the reproductive rights based on autonomy and informed decision, and recognizes the sexual and reproductive rights as an essential aspect to people’s lives.

During the year 2009, aworldwide process took place aiming to evaluate the implementation of the Cairo Program of Action after 15 years of its approval by the United Nations, in 1994, in Cairo. Its implementation is still a challenge in all countries. The role of feminist and women movement were key in the Cairo Conference/94 and in the following events (Cairo+5 and Cairo+10) as those movements have demonstrated the relation of the issues discussed to the human rights.

The Project “Monitoring UNGASS-AIDS Goals in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights” was present at the “42nd Session of the Commission on Population and Development of the United Nations” on March/April 2009, which was focused on reviewing and debating the Cairo Program of Action regarding the Millennium Goals. The main achievement of this event was to have a strong language regarding SRH and HIV/AIDS included to the text of the resolution. The key paragraphs that refer to HIV/AIDS and SRH&R are added below:

“17. Urges Governments to scale up significantly efforts towards achieving the goal of universal access to comprehensive HIV/AIDS prevention programmes, treatment, care and support by 2010, and the goal to halt and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS by 2015;

18.Also urges Governments to integrate HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support into primary, maternal and child health-care programmes and integrate sexual and reproductive health information and services into HIV/AIDS plans and strategies, so as to increase coverage of antiretroviral treatment and prevent all forms of transmission of HIV, including mother-to-child transmission, protecting human rights and fighting stigma."